A portion of these fatty deposits can break off and block blood flow in your brain. The concept is similar to that of a heart attack, where a blood clot blocks blood flow to a portion of your heart. An ischemic stroke can be embolic, meaning the blood clot travels from another part of your body to your brain.
An estimated 15 percent of embolic strokes are due to a condition called atrial fibrillation , where your heart beats irregularly. A thrombotic stroke is an ischemic stroke caused by a clot forming in a blood vessel in your brain. A hemorrhagic stroke results when a blood vessel in your brain ruptures or breaks, spilling blood into the surrounding tissues. There are three main types of hemorrhagic strokes: The first is an aneurysm , which causes a portion of the weakened blood vessel to balloon outward and sometimes rupture.
The other is an arteriovenous malformation , which involves abnormally formed blood vessels. If such a blood vessel ruptures, it can cause a hemorrhagic stroke. Lastly, very high blood pressure can cause weakening of the small blood vessels in the brain and result in bleeding into the brain as well. The different stroke types cause similar symptoms because each affects blood flow in your brain.
The only way to determine what type of stroke you may be having is to seek medical attention. A doctor will order imaging tests to view your brain. A TIA will cause these symptoms for a short amount of time, usually anywhere from one to five minutes. A stroke is a medical emergency for a reason — it can have life-threatening consequences. The brain controls the major functions of human life. Complications can vary according to the stroke type and if you are able to successfully receive treatment.
Examples of complications include:. Behavior changes: Having a stroke can contribute to depression or anxiety. You also may experience changes in your behavior, such as being more impulsive or more withdrawn from socializing with others. Speech difficulties: A stroke can impact areas of your brain having to do with speech and swallowing. Numbness or pain: A stroke can cause numbness and decreased sensation in parts of your body.
This can be painful. Sometimes injury to the brain can also affect your ability to sense temperature. This condition is known as central stroke pain and can be difficult to treat. Paralysis: Because of the way your brain works to direct movement, a stroke in the right side of your brain can affect movement on the left side of your body and vice-versa.
You may be able to regain lost motor function, speech, or swallowing abilities after a stroke through rehabilitation. However, these can take time to regain. Treatments for stroke depend on many factors. These include what kind it is and how long it lasted. Treatments for TIA include taking medications that will help prevent future strokes.
Learn more about cryptogenic stroke. Learn more about brain stem stroke. Treatment In leading causes of U.
The right care — done the right away — can save both lives and quality of life. Hemorrhagic Stroke. Ischemic Stroke. Additional Information you need to make informed decisions. Common Diagnosis Methods. Finding Clinical Trials. More Resources. Learn about the Acute Ischemic Stroke Initiative. Prevent another stroke 1 in 4 stroke and heart attack survivors will have another. Recent Stroke? Hemorrhagic strokes occur when a blood vessel that supplies the brain ruptures and bleeds.
When an artery bleeds into the brain, brain cells and tissues do not get oxygen and nutrients. In addition, pressure builds up in surrounding tissues and irritation and swelling occur, which can lead to further brain damage. Hemorrhagic strokes are divided into 2 main categories, including the following:. Subarachnoid hemorrhage. Bleeding is in the subarachnoid space the space between the brain and the membranes that cover the brain.
Intracerebral hemorrhage is usually caused by high blood pressure. Bleeding occurs suddenly and rapidly. There are usually no warning signs and bleeding can be severe enough to cause coma or death. Subarachnoid hemorrhage results when bleeding occurs between the brain and the membrane that covers the brain meninges in the subarachnoid space.
This type of hemorrhage is often due to an aneurysm or an arteriovenous malformation AVM. It can also be caused by trauma. An aneurysm is a weakened, ballooned area on an artery wall and has a risk for rupturing. Aneurysms may be congenital present at birth , or may develop later in life due to such factors as high blood pressure or atherosclerosis. An AVM is a congenital disorder that consists of a disorderly tangled web of arteries and veins.
The cause of AVM is unknown, but it is sometimes genetic or part of certain syndromes. Recurrent strokes occur in about 1 in 4 people who have had a stroke within 5 years after a first stroke. The risk is greatest right after a stroke and decreases over time. The likelihood of severe disability and death increases with each recurrent stroke.
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